PROSTHODONTICS DEFINITIONS FOR DENTAL STUDENTS


Facebow: An instrument used to record the spatial relationship of the maxillary arch to some anatomic reference point or points and then transfer this relationship to an articulator; it orients the dental cast in the same relationship to the opening axis of the articulator; customarily the anatomic references are the mandibular transverse horizontal axis and one other selected anterior reference point.

Implant: Any object or material, such as an alloplastic substance or other tissue, which is partially or completely inserted or grafted into the body for therapeutic, diagnostic, prosthetic, or experimental purposes. 

Implant Prosthodontics: The selection, planning, development, placement, replacement, of missing teeth and/or associated structures , and maintenance of restoration(s) with dental implants.

Implant supported prosthesis: Dental prosthesis such artificial crown, fixed complete denture, removable complete overdenture, removable partial overdenture, as well as maxillofacial prosthesis, which are supported and retained in part or whole by dental implants.

Indirect retainer: The component of a removable partial denture that assists the direct retainer(s) in preventing displacement of the distal-extension denture base by functioning through lever action on the opposite side of the fulcrum line when the denture base attempts to move away from the tissues in pure rotation around the fulcrum line.

Intracoronal attachment: Any fabricated or custom-made attachment for support and retention of a fixed or removable dental prosthesis; the patrix and matrix components are positioned within normal contours of the abutment tooth.

Major connector: The part of rpd that joins the components on one side of the arch to those on the opposite side.

Minor connector: The connecting link between the major connector or base of rpd and other units of the prosthesis, such as the clasp assembly, indirect retainers, occlusal rests, or cingulum rests.

Obturator:

(1) A maxillofacial prosthesis used to close a congenital or acquired tissue opening, primarily of the hard palate and/or contiguous alveolar/soft tissue structures (GPT 7)

(2) That component of prosthesis that fits into and closes a defect within the oral cavity or other body defect.

Osseointegration:

(1) The apparent direct attachment or connection of osseous tissue to an inert, alloplastic, material without intervening fibrous connective tissue.

(2) The process and resultant apparent direct connection of an exogenous material’s surface and the host bone tissues, without intervening fibrous connective tissue present.

(3) The interface between alloplastic materials and bone.

Overdenture: Any removable dental prosthesis that covers and rests on one or more remaining natural teeth ,the roots of natural teeth, and/or dental implants; a dental prosthesis that covers and is partially supported by natural teeth, natural tooth roots, and/or dental implants.

Pontic: An artificial tooth on a fixed partial denture that replaces a missing natural tooth, restores its function, and usually restores the space previously occupied by the clinical crown.

Posterior palatal seal area/post dam area: The soft tissue along the junction of hard and soft palates on which pressure within the physiological limits of the tissues can be applied by a denture to aid in the retention of the denture