TOPIC: CYSTS OF THE JAW
🌟 IMPORTANT POINTS TO REMEMBER
🔹Dentigerous Cyst: Dentigerous cysts develop around the crown of an impacted or embedded unerupted or supernumerary tooth. Cysts may undergo neoplastic transformation to an ameloblastoma called mural
ameloblastoma and mucoepidermoid carcinoma.
🔹Dentigerous Cyst appears as a well-defined radiolucency with sclerotic borders. Radiographically, the dentigerous cyst can be central (cyst enclosing the crown of tooth symmetrically), lateral (cyst arising laterally from one side of crown) and circumferential (when the whole tooth lies within the cystic cavity).
🔹Gingival Cyst of Newborns and Adults: The cyst disappears rapidly by rupturing in the oral cavity. There are small discrete white swellings over the alveolar mucosa. There is superficial erosion of the cortical plate.
🔹Eruption Cyst: Eruption cyst occurs mostly in the first permanent molar and maxillary incisors; in some cases, follicular space over the occlusal portion of the erupting tooth is increased than the normal size.
🔹Lateral Periodontal Cyst: It is also called botryoid odontogenic cyst. It is oval or round in shape. It appears as a radiolucent area situated laterally at the middle third of the affected tooth between the apex and the alveolar crest of the tooth.
🔹Glandular Odontogenic Cyst: It is also known as sialo-odontogenic cyst. The lesion shows slow, progressive, locally destructive, painless growth. The lesion appears as well-defined multilocular, occasionally unilocular radiolucency with sclerotic or scalloped borders.
🔹Adenomatoid Odontogenic Cyst: Previously, it was called an adenomatoid odontogenic tumour. It is a painless, small, sessile gingival-coloured mass. It appears commonly as a unilocular radiolucency with smooth corticated borders; sometimes, it may be a sclerotic border. Sometimes, radio-opaque foci may be identified within the radiolucent region.
🔹Radicular Cyst: It develops as a common sequela of pulpal necrosis following caries; it is seen at the apex of non-vital teeth. It is an asymptomatic, radiolucent area at the apex of the tooth with well-demarcated sclerotic margins unless secondarily infected. The size of radiolucency is 1 cm or more in diameter.
🔹Residual Cyst: Residual cysts are most commonly the retained periapical cysts from teeth that have been removed; there is well-defined unilocular radiolucency in the periapical area of the extracted tooth.
🔹Nasopalatine Duct Cyst: There is swelling in the anterior palate. The area of midline radiolucency is situated between the roots of the upper central incisor in a nasopalatine canal. It can be round, oval or heart-shaped.
🔹Nasoalveolar Cyst: It is also called nasolabial cyst. The cyst appears as small, unilateral swelling present lateral to the midline radiolucent area in the alveolar bone below the cyst. It can be circular or oval in shape.
🔹Traumatic Bone Cyst: It is also called as haemorrhagic bone cyst or simple bone cyst. It presents as painless swelling; aspiration is negative. The area of radiolucency is situated in the canine, bicuspid and molar regions of the mandible; the radiolucent lesion is well-demarcated from the adjacent bone.
📌 MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (MCQs)
💡 Haemorrhagic bone cyst is the synonym of
a. Traumatic bone cyst
b. Midpalatine cyst
c. Simple bone cyst
d. a and c
Answer : d
💡Driven snow appearance is seen in
a. Traumatic bone cyst
b. Dentigerous cyst
c. Calcifying epithelial odontogenic cyst
d. Odontogenic keratocyst
Answer: c
💡Eggshell appearance is seen in
a. Traumatic bone cyst
b. Dentigerous cyst
c. Multilocular cyst
d. Odontogenic keratocyst
Answer: c
💡Balloon-like appearance is seen in
a. Follicular cyst
b. Dentigerous cyst
c. Multilocular cyst
d. Odontogenic keratocyst
Answer: a
💡Radiographic appearance of traumatic bone cyst shows
a. Orange peel appearance
b. Soap bubble appearance
c. Sausage-like appearance
d. Pencil line appearance
Answer : d
💡Which one of the following cysts is not associated with impacted teeth?
a. Nasopalatine cyst
b. Dentigerous cyst
c. Aneurysmal bone cyst
d. a and c
Answer : d
💡Radiographic appearance of aneurysmal cyst shows
a. Salt and pepper appearance
b. Soap bubble appearance
c. Sausage-like appearance
d. Pencil line appearance
Answer: a
💡The cyst which is developmental in origin and is derived from epithelial-lined vestigial oronasal duct tissue is
a. Nasopalatine cyst
b. Dentigerous cyst
c. Aneurysmal bone cyst
d. None of the above
Answer: a
💡Cyst which is derived from cystic degeneration and inflammatory proliferation of cells of Malassez is
a. Radicular cyst
b. Dentigerous cyst
c. Aneurysmal bone cyst
d. None of the above
Answer: a
💡Eruption haematoma which is analogous to dentigerous cyst also is a type of
a. Midpalatine cyst
b. Residual cyst
c. Nasopalatine cyst
d. Eruption cyst
Answer : d
💡 Which of the following most commonly appears as a multilocular cyst of the jaw?
a. Dental cyst
b. Keratocyst
c. Dentigerous cyst
d. Simple bone cyst
Answer: b
💡Which of the following is necessary to differentiate odontogenic keratocyst, dentigerous cyst and ameloblastoma?
a. Aspiration
b. Exfoliative cytology
c. Radiographic examination
d. Microscopic examination
Answer : d
💡Which of the following is usually associated with lateral periodontal cysts?
a. Vital tooth
b. Non-vital tooth
c. Periapical rarefaction
d. Diffuse osteitis
Answer: a
💡High recurrence of odontogenic keratocyst is due to
a. Presence of satellite cyst
b. Thin lining of cyst
c. Difficulty in separating lining from periosteum
d. All of the above
Answer : d
💡Which of the following lesions may cause resorption of adjacent teeth?
a. Dentigerous cyst
b. Primordial cyst
c. Periapical granuloma
d. Periapical abscess
Answer : a