TOPIC: CARBOHYDRATES

⭐ PRACTICE QUESTION & ANSWER

Q.1. What are carbohydrates?

Ans. Carbohydrates are organic substances containing C, H and O. Hydrogen atoms are present usually in the ratio of 2:1 as it occurs in a water molecule.

Example: glucose, fructose, lactose, starch etc. There may be exception to the above, e.g. C2H4O2 is acetic acid and not a carbohydrate though H and O are in the ratio of 2:1.

Q.2. Define carbohydrates in chemical term.

Ans. Carbohydrates are defined chemically as aldehyde or ketone derivatives of the higher polyhydric alcohols or compounds which yield these derivatives on hydrolysis.

Q.3. How will you classify carbohydrates?

Ans. Carbohydrates are classified into four major groups:

• Monosaccharide (“simple sugars”): They cannot be hydrolyzed into simpler forms.
• Disaccharides: They yield two molecules of same or different monosaccharide units on hydrolysis.
• Oligosaccharides: They yield three to six molecules of monosaccharides on hydrolysis.