PERIODONTAL FLAP📌 POINTS TO PONDER :🔸 Incisions are either coronally directed incisions (external bevel incision) or apically directed incisions (internal bevel, sulcular incision). 🔸 Undisplaced flap is considered as internal bevel gingivectomy. Undisplaced flap and gingivectomy procedures surgically remove the pocket wall. 🔸 Apically positioned flap surgery is one of the most reliable techniques for the elimination of periodontal pockets. 🔸 The flap without vertical incision is called an envelope flap. 🔸 The tissue, which is left on the surface of the tooth when the flap is raised, is called the cervical wedge. 🔸 Neumann flap:…
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