Category: Periodontology

 TOPIC: REGENERATIVE OSSEOUS SURGERY 📌 POINTS TO PONDER ⭐ Various stars healing are as follows: 🔹 One-star healing: Control of inflammation 🔹 Two-star healing: Long junctional epithelium 🔹 Three-star healing: New attachment 🔹 Four-star healing: Partial regeneration 🔹 Five-star healing: Complete regeneration ⭐ Root conditioning, now also called as chemically GTR. ⭐ The advantage of […]

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TOPIC: PERIODONTAL SURGERY  📌 POINTS TO PONDER  🔹Causes of excessive bleeding during surgery include laceration of large blood vessels, incomplete removal of granulation tissue, hypertensive patient, bleeding disorder patient and patient on anticoagulant therapy.  🔹 If the surrounding tissue blanches, however, the suture is too tight, which may cause necrosis because of poor  vascularization.  🔹 […]

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TOPIC: SOFT AND HARD TISSUE LESSION 📌 POINTS TO PONDER  🔹Wickham striae – Interlacing white lines are the hallmark of Reticular oral lichen planus.  🔹Nikolsky’s sign is the hallmark of Pemphigus vulgaris.  🔹Target or iris lesions with central clearing are the hallmark of erythema multiforme. 🔹Pemphigus vulgaris lesions demonstrate a characteristic intraepithelial clefting or vesiculation […]

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TOPIC: PERIODONTAL ABSCESS  📌 POINTS TO PONDER  🔹A Periodontal Abscess is defined as suppurative lesion associated with periodontal breakdown and localized accumulation of pus within the gingival wall of a periodontal pocket. 📣 CLASSIFICATION : 1. Depending on the location of the lesion :  🔺Periapical abscess  🔺Periodontal abscess  🔺Pericoronal abscess 2. Depending on the course of […]

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TOPIC: PERIODONTAL POCKET 📌 POINTS TO PONDER 🔹Periodontal pocket is pathologically deepened gingival sulcus.  🔹Periodontal pocket is a soft-tissue change, thus can not be detected during radiographic examination.  🔹Biologic/histologic depth is the distance between the gingival margin and base of the pocket (coronal end of the junctional epithelium).  🔹 Clinical/probing depth is the distance between […]

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TOPIC: BONE DEFECTS 📌 POINTS TO PONDER  🔹 1.97 mm ± 33.16% is the distance between apical extent of calculus and alveolar crest.  🔹0.5–2.7 mm is the distance between attached plaque and alveolar bone.  🔹Rate of bone loss depends upon the type of disease present and tooth surface. An average of 0.2 mm/year on facial […]

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TOPIC: DEFENSE MECHANISM OF GINGIVA 📌 POINTS TO PONDER 🔹Organulocytes are the living PMNs in saliva. 🔹Factors VIII, IX, X, plasma thromboplastin antecedent (PTA) and Hageman factor are the coagulation factors present in saliva. 🔹 The drugs that cause xerostomia are anticholinergics, antipsychotics, anti-Parkinsonian, antidepressants, anti-histamines and antihypertensives. 🔹The 1: 3 ratio is the normal […]

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TOPIC: SPLINTING 📌 POINTS TO PONDER  📣 Ideal requirements of splints:  🔹Simple design  🔹Economical  🔹Stable and efficient  🔹Hygienic  🔹Non – irritating to the soft tissues  🔹Aesthetically acceptable  🔹Not provoke iatrogenic disease

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TOPIC: GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF INSTRUMENTS 📌 POINTS TO PONDER  ✴️ Major difference between standard pen grasp and modified pen grasp: 🔹 In standard pen grasp, the side of the pad of middle finger rests on the shank while in modified pen grasp, the pad of middle finger rests on the shank. 🔹Exploratory stroke is a […]

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TOPIC: PERIODONTAL INSTRUMENTS 📌 POINTS TO PONDER  🔹 A general rule for working end selection is that the lower shank should be parallel to the surface to be instrumented.  🔹 Instruments with straight shank are used in anteriors and premolars whereas instruments with contra-angle are used on posterior teeth.   🔹 Chisel is the only instrument […]

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