TOPIC: DENTAL CALCULUS 📌 POINTS TO PONDER 🔹Reversal phenomenon is the decline from maximal calculus accumulation. It is due to vulnerability of bulky calculus to mechanical wear from food, cheeks, lips and tongue. 🔹Calculus can also occur readily in germ free animals. 🔹Calculocementum is the calculus embedded deeply in the cementum and which appears morphologically similar […]
TOPIC: DENTAL PLAQUE 📌 POINTS TO PONDER 🔺Dental plaque can be defined as the soft deposits that form the biofilm adhering to the tooth surface or other hard surfaces in the oral cavity, including removable and fixed restorations. 🔺Dental plaque is broadly classified as supragingival, subgingival or peri-implant plaque based on its position on the tooth […]
TOPIC: CLASSIFICATION OF PERIODONTAL DISEASES 📌 POINTS TO PONDER ➡️ Main features of AAP 1999 classification system are as follows: 🔹Addition of gingival disease component: Comprehensive section of gingival diseases is included in this classification. 🔹Replacement of adult periodontitis with chronic periodontitis: There is replacement of the term “adult periodontitis” with chronic periodontitis, since epidemiological […]
TOPIC:GINGIVA 📌POINTS TO PONDER GINGIVA 🔸It is the part of mucosa that covers the alveolar processes of jaws and surrounds the necks of the teeth. 🔸A modern definition states that it is the fibrous investing tissue covered by keratinized epithelium that immediately surrounds a tooth and is contiguous with its periodontal ligament and the mucosal […]
📌 POINTS TO PONDER ✴️ Common age changes in all periodontal tissues: 🔹Narrowing of vessel lumen 🔹Thickening of vessel walls 🔹Loss of cellularity 🔹Increasing fibrosis
📌 POINTS TO PONDER 🔹Fenestration is window-like circumscribed defect, whereas dehiscence is cleft-like split defect. 🔹Osteoblasts are bone builders, whereas osteoclasts are bone consumers. 🔹Matrix Gla protein is a negative regulator of mineralization. 📌 VIVA VOCE
TOPIC: TOOTH NUMBERING SYSTEM 📌 KEY POINTS: Tooth numbering systems were originally developed as a shortcut to minimize the effort of hand-written record-keeping in dentistry. To identify a specific tooth, arch, quadrant, and the tooth’s name. Currently, only three most popular systems are favored worldwide. These popular systems are as follows: • Zsigmondy/Palmer (the eight-tooth quadrant) […]
TOPIC: VIRCHOW’S TRIAD 📌 KEY POINTS: 🔹Virchow’s Triad – It refers to the 3 primary factors which can promote thrombus formation, these are useful to consider when thinking about the possible causes in a particular situation, and it include: 1) Endothelial injury 2) Stasis, turbulence or abnormal blood flow 3) Blood hypercoagulability. ➡️ The list […]
HMP SHUNT PATHWAY 📌 QUICK REVISION NOTES ➡️The HMP (Hexose Monophosphate Pathway) Shunt, also known as the 🔺Pentose Phosphate Pathway or 🔺Phosphogluconate Pathway, is a biochemical pathway that serves as an alternative metabolic pathway for glucose.💡The First Phase is Oxidative and Irreversible. 🔹Glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) is converted via a series of steps into Ribulose-5-phosphate.
Q1. When treating a child who is obviously afraid, the dentist should: use restraint use the hand-over-mouth technique (HOME) permit the child to express his fear avoid all reference to the child’s fear Answer Key: permit the child to express his fear — identify the fear All behavioral patterns are motivated by anger and fear. […]
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