TOPIC: BASICS OF MYCOLOGY 📌 KEY POINTS 🔹Mycology is the study of fungi. 🔹The cell wall of fungi possesses two characteristic cell structures: chitin and ergosterol. 🔹Fungi grow in two basic forms, as yeasts and molds. 🔹Elongation of the cell produces a tubular, thread-like structure called hypha (septate or nonseptate). 🔹A tangled mass of hyphae constitutes […]
TOPIC: BRIEF INTRODUCTION OF MICROBIOLOGY 📌 KEY POINTS: 🔹Microbiology – Study of living organisms of microscopic size. 🔹Ruska (1934) – developed the electron microscope, enabling the visualisation of the microbes.The development of the tissue culture technique has permitted the cultivation of viruses. 🔹Sir Alexander Fleming (1881-1955) – discovered that the fungus Penicillium produces a substance, […]
TOPIC: CONTRIBUTIONS OF SCIENTISTS IN MICROBIOLOGY 📌 POINTS TO PONDER 📍LOUIS PASTEUR (1822-95) Originally trained as a chemist His studies on fermentation led him to take interest in microorganisms His discoveries revolutionized medical practice, although he never studied medicine. Louis Pasteur is known as “Father of microbiology” because his contribution led to the development of […]
Cementum Viva voce, Multiple choice question and Question Answer 📌 POINTS TO PONDER 🔸Acellular extrinsic fiber cementum type of cementum is desired following regenerative periodontal surgical procedure. 🔸Both acellular cementum and cellular cementum are arranged in lamellae separated by incremental lines parallel to the long axis of the root. These lines represent rest periods in […]
PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT VIVA VOCE, MCQs & QUESTION AND ANSWERS 📌 POINTS TO PONDER 🔹Intermediate plexus (Sicher 1966): Fibers arising from cementum and bone are joined in the mid region of periodontal ligament space giving rise to a zone of distinct appearance in the light microscope. 🔹It was believed that the intermediate plexus provides a site […]
TOPIC: ANATOMICAL LANDMARKS OF MANDIBULAR ARCH 📌 LIMITING STRUCTURES Labial frenum Labial vestibule Buccal vestibule Buccal frenum Lingual frenum Alveololingual sulcus Retromolar pads Pterygomandibular raphe 📌 PRIMARY STRESS-BEARING AREA Buccal shelf area Residual alveolar ridge 📌 RELIEF AREA Mental foramen Genial tubercles
Introduction Of Gingiva In Periodontology 📌 POINTS TO PONDER 🔹The pH of the gingiva ranges from 6.5 to 8.5. 🔹Junctional epithelium and gingival fibers together form a functional unit called as dentogingival unit. 🔹Junctional epithelium is the only attachment in the body between soft tissue and a calcified tissue which is exposed to the external […]
TOPIC: ANATOMICAL LANDMARKS OF MAXILLARY ARCH 📌 LIMITING STRUCTURES OR PERIPHERAL STRUCTURES: Labial frenum Labial vestibule Buccal frenum Buccal vestibule Hamular notch Posterior palatal seal Fovea palatinae 📌 SUPPORTING STRUCTURES ✳️Primary stress-bearing area Hard palate Posterior lateral slopes of the residual alveolar ridge ✳️Secondary stress-bearing area Rugae ✳️Relief area Incisive papilla Midpalatine raphe
QUICK VIVA QUESTIONS Q1. Define matrixing.Ans. ‘Matrixing’ is the procedure by which a temporary wall is created opposite to axial walls and surrounding areas of the tooth structure that were lost during the preparation. Q2. Define matrix.Ans. ‘Matrix’ is a device used to contour a restoration by providing a temporary wall to simulate that of […]
VIVA QUESTIONS Q1. How are cements classified based on their function?Ans: Classification of Cements: Liners Bases Restorative materials Luting agents Q2. What are pulp protecting agents?Ans: ‘Pulp protecting agents’ are materials used to protect pulp from chemical, electrical, thermal, or mechanical injuries. They are cavity varnishes, liners, and bases that are used as adjuncts to the restorative […]
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