QUICK STUDY NOTES - BASAL CELL CARCINOMA

June 10, 2018

OTHER NAME – Rodent ulcer

CLINICAL FEATURES–

Basal cell carcinoma is a disease of adult whites
Most prevalent in patients older than 40 years
Malesare most commonly affected
Incidenceof BCC is high in areas with high temperature and low humidity
Site – commonly occurs cover the hair bearing areas of facial skin (especially mucocutaneous areas)
Orofacial areas are particularly vulnerable to lesion are upper lip, nasolabial folds, periorbital region,cheek, forehead,ear etc.
The most common form of this lesion , the nodular ( noduloulcerative) BCC , begins as a firm, painless papule that slowly enlarges and gradually develops a central depression and an umbilicated appearance
The lesion invades the mucous membrane by directly spreading from the adjacent skin
It is slow growing, slightly elevated small nodule
Eventually develop into central,crusted ulcer with an elevated, smooth- rolled border
Lesion heal partially by scarring in central area but it keeps on spreading centrifugally
When the lesion is pressed, a characteristic pearly opalescent quality is discerned Expanding ulceration often develops in the central depressed area and and patient gives history of bleeding followed by healing
“Rodent ulcer ” name is given to this tumor as it makes a slow but relentless progress and increases in size by invading and destroying adjoining tissues.

HISTOPATHOLOGY:

Characterised by neoplastic proliferation of basaltic epithelial cells in the form of multiple solid islands
Cells in periphery of tumor islands are columnar in shape and they often resemble basal layer of oral epithelium with hypercholesterolemia nuclei
Tumor cells do not show any feature of abnormal mitosis
Central cells of tumor islands may be polyhedral, oval, round or even spindle shaped
Basal cell carcinoma sometimes resembles ‘Follicular Ameloblastoma’.

DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

TREATMENT