Struggling to remember the essential and non-essential amino acids? This blog post offers mnemonics to make memorization easier and even fun! Mnemonics are powerful memory aids that boost recall, and they’re a great way to learn. 👉 Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. Nutritionally, they’re divided into two categories: 🔹Essential amino acids 🔹Non-essential […]
HMP SHUNT ➡️The HMP (Hexose Monophosphate Pathway) Shunt, also known as the 🔺Pentose Phosphate Pathway or 🔺Phosphogluconate Pathway, is a biochemical pathway that serves as an alternative metabolic pathway for glucose.💡The First Phase is Oxidative and Irreversible. 🔹Glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) is converted via series of steps into Ribulose-5-phosphate. 🔹The most important catalytic enzyme is Glucose-6-phosphate Dehydrogenase […]
Q.1. What are nucleoproteins? Ans: Nucleoproteins are conjugated proteins, characterized by presence of non-protein prosthetic group nucleic acid attached to one or more molecules of a simple protein, a basic protein histone or protamine. Nucleoproteins →Nucleic acid + proteins (Histone or Protamine). Q.2. What are purines and pyrimidines? Ans: Purines and pyrimidines are heterocyclic compounds […]
Q.1. Define vitamins. Ans. Vitamins have been defined as organic compounds occurring in natural foods either as such or as utilizable “precursors”, which are required in minute amounts for normal growth, maintenance and reproduction, for normal nutrition and health. Q.2. How the name vitamin derived? Ans. The first vitamin isolated from rice polishing was found […]
Q.1. What are lipids? Define. Ans. The lipids are a heterogeneous group of organic compounds present in plant and animal tissues and related either actually or potentially to the fatty acids and chemically they are various types of esters of different alcohols. Q.2. What are Bloor’s criteria for a substance to be called a lipids? […]
Q.1. What is an antigen? Ans. Antigen is a substance which when introduced into an animal can induce a detectable immune response, which may be humoral, cellular or both. Q.2. What is the nature of an antigen? Ans. Most antigens are macromolecules of proteins though synthetic polypeptides and certain synthetic polymers like polyvinyl pyrolidone are […]
Q.1. What are enzymes? Ans. Enzymes are biocatalysts, which are heat-labile, soluble proteins produced by living cells and are highly specific in their action. They are colloidal in nature and may contain a non-protein moiety (co-enzyme or prosthetic group). Q.2. What are the similarities of enzyme (biocatalysts) with chemical inorganic catalysts? Ans. Enzymes (biocatalysts) share some […]
Q.1. What is oxidation? Ans. Oxidation is defined as the addition of O2 or removal of hydrogens or removal of electrons. Q.2. What is meant by reduction? Ans. Reduction is defined as the gain of electrons or addition of hydrogen atoms. Q.3. What is the biomedical importance of Biologic oxidation? Ans. To synthesize ATP molecules. […]
Q.1. What are carbohydrates? Ans. Carbohydrates are organic substances containing C, H and O. Hydrogen atoms are present usually in the ratio of 2:1 as it occurs in a water molecule. Example: glucose, fructose, lactose, starch etc. There may be exception to the above, e.g. C2H4O2 is acetic acid and not a carbohydrate though H […]