⭐ RISK FACTORS OF PERIODONTOLOGY 📌 POINTS TO PONDER 🔹Risk: Probability that an event will occur in the future, or the probability that an individual develops a given disease or experiences a change in health status during a specified interval of time. 🔹Risk factors: Distinctive characteristics, or exposures, that increase the probability of developing periodontitis, or […]
⭐ PHYTOTHERAPEUTIC AGENTS 📌 POINTS TO PONDER 🔹Phytotherapy is the use of medicinal plants and herbs for the prevention and cure of diseases and for improvement of health conditions. 🔹Recommended Miswak stick length for adult is 20 cm and for children is 15 cm. 🔹Vitamin C is present mainly in amla, cranberry, barberry, miswak and […]
SCALING AND ROOT PLANNING 📌 POINTS TO PONDER 🔹Scaling: Plaque and calculus are removed from both supragingival and subgingival tooth surfaces. 🔹Root planing: Residual embedded calculus and portions of cementum are removed from the roots to produce a smooth, hard and clean surface. 🔹Scaling strokes are short and powerful pull strokes. 🔹Root planing strokes are longer […]
⭐ TRAUMA FROM OCCLUSION 📌 POINTS TO PONDER 🔹Physiologic occlusion was defined by Goldman and Cohen as one that operates in harmony and presents no pathologic manifestations in the supporting structures of the teeth. A physiologic occlusion is one that may be anatomic malocclusion but free of any occlusally-induced disease. 🔹A pathologic occlusion is one which […]
⭐ PERIODONTAL MICROSURGERY 📌 POINTS TO PONDER 🔹Carl Nylen is called as the Father of microsurgery. 🔹Microsurgery involves a surgical procedure performed microscopically. 🔹In periodontal surgery, an ideal magnification is considered as ×4.5 to ×5 for loupe spectacles and ×10 to ×20 for surgical microscopes. 📣 Magnification Systems 🔺There are two types of optical magnification […]
⭐ GINGIVAL CURETTAGE 📌 POINTS TO PONDER 🔹 Gingival curettage – Surgical procedure designed to remove the soft tissue lining of the periodontal pocket with a curette, leaving only gingival connective tissue lining. 🔹Inadvertent curettage – Curettage which is done unintentionally when scaling and root planing procedure is performed. 🔹Subgingival curettage – Procedure that is […]
⭐ GINGIVECTOMY 📌 POINTS TO PONDER 🔹Gingivectomy is defined as “an excision of the soft tissue wall of the periodontal pocket”. 🔹Failure to produce beveled incision leaves a broad plateau which takes more time than ordinarily required to develop the physiologic contour of gingiva, thus the incision should be beveled at approximately 45° to the tooth […]
PERIODONTAL FLAP 📌 POINTS TO PONDER : 🔸 Incisions are either coronally directed incisions (external bevel incision) or apically directed incisions (internal bevel, sulcular incision). 🔸 Undisplaced flap is considered as internal bevel gingivectomy. Undisplaced flap and gingivectomy procedures surgically remove the pocket wall. 🔸 Apically positioned flap surgery is one of the most reliable techniques […]
⭐ PERIODONTAL PLASTIC SURGERY 📌 POINTS TO PONDER 🔹Cut back incision is given at the distal corner of the lateral displaced flap into the alveolar mucosa, pointing in the direction of the recipient site. 🔹The free epithelial graft is usually covered by whitish mass, termed as ghost graft, which consists of sloughing epithelial cells after […]
TOPIC: FURCATION 📌 POINTS TO PONDER 🔹The dimensions of furcation entrance should be taken into consideration during the selection of instruments. 🔹Furcation defects of maxillary molars are more difficult to interpret on radiographs because of the superimposition of the large palatal root. 🔹In hemisection, two-rooted molar tooth is converted into two single-rooted teeth. 🔹Furcation is […]
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