⭐ PHYTOTHERAPEUTIC AGENTS 📌 POINTS TO PONDER Phytotherapy is the use of medicinal plants and herbs for the prevention and cure of diseases and for improvement of health conditions. Recommended Miswak stick length for adult is 20 cm and for children is 15 cm. Vitamin C is present mainly in amla, cranberry, barberry, miswak and […]
SCALING AND ROOT PLANNING 📌 POINTS TO PONDER 🔹Scaling : Plaque and calculus are removed from both supragingival and subgingival tooth surfaces. 🔹Root planing : Residual embedded calculus and portions of cementum are removed from the roots to produce a smooth, hard and clean surface. 🔹Scaling strokes are short and powerful pull strokes. 🔹Root planing strokes […]
⭐ TRAUMA FROM OCCLUSION 📌 POINTS TO PONDER 🔹Physiologic occlusion was defined by Goldman and Cohen as one that operates in harmony and presents no pathologic manifestations in the supporting structures of the teeth. A physiologic occlusion is one that may be anatomic malocclusion but free of any occlusally-induced disease. 🔹A pathologic occlusion is one which […]
⭐ PERIODONTAL MICROSURGERY 📌 POINTS TO PONDER 🔹Carl Nylen is called as the Father of microsurgery. 🔹Microsurgery involves a surgical procedure performed microscopically. 🔹In periodontal surgery, an ideal magnification is considered as ×4.5 to ×5 for loupe spectacles and ×10 to ×20 for surgical microscopes. 📣 Magnification Systems 🔺There are two types of optical magnification […]
⭐ GINGIVAL CURETTAGE 📌 POINTS TO PONDER 🔹 Gingival curettage – Surgical procedure designed to remove the soft tissue lining of the periodontal pocket with a curette, leaving only gingival connective tissue lining. 🔹Inadvertent curettage – Curettage which is done unintentionally when scaling and root planing procedure is performed. 🔹Subgingival curettage – Procedure that is […]
⭐ GINGIVECTOMY 📌 POINTS TO PONDER 🔹Gingivectomy is defined as “an excision of the soft tissue wall of the periodontal pocket”. 🔹Failure to produce beveled incision leaves a broad plateau which takes more time than ordinarily required to develop the physiologic contour of gingiva, thus the incision should be beveled at approximately 45° to the tooth […]
PERIODONTAL FLAP 📌 POINTS TO PONDER : 🔸 Incisions are either coronally directed incisions (external bevel incision) or apically directed incisions (internal bevel, sulcular incision). 🔸 Undisplaced flap is considered as internal bevel gingivectomy. Undisplaced flap and gingivectomy procedures surgically remove the pocket wall. 🔸 Apically positioned flap surgery is one of the most reliable technique […]
⭐ PERIODONTAL PLASTIC SURGERY 📌 POINTS TO PONDER 🔹Cut back incision is given at the distal corner of the lateral displaced flap into the alveolar mucosa, pointing in the direction of the recipient site. 🔹The free epithelial graft is usually covered by whitish mass, termed as ghost graft, which consists of sloughing epithelial cells after […]
📌 POINTS TO PONDER 🔹The dimensions of furcation entrance should be taken into consideration during the selection of instruments. 🔹Furcation defects of maxillary molars are more difficult to interpret on radiographs because of the superimposition of the large palatal root. 🔹In hemisection, two-rooted molar tooth is converted into two single-rooted teeth. 🔹Furcation is the area […]
📌 POINTS TO PONDER ⭐ Various stars healing are as follows: 🔹 One-star healing: Control of inflammation 🔹 Two-star healing: Long junctional epithelium 🔹 Three-star healing: New attachment 🔹 Four-star healing: Partial regeneration 🔹 Five-star healing: Complete regeneration ⭐ Root conditioning, now also called as chemically GTR. ⭐ The advantage of autogenous grafts over allografts […]
